· 77 Chapter 3 SOLUTION OF MULTIPLE EFFECT EVAPORATOR PROBLEMS The computer solution to such problems can follow exactly the usual manual method and involves solution of simultaneous equations coupled with an iterative procedure (1) (2) (3) (4). The last-effect vapor body is maintained at a high vacuum with a steam-jet air ejector or mechanical vacuum pump. The driving force is the pressure drop from the first to the last effect. For the same overall pressure differential and process conditions the evaporator with more effects will require less steam.
The last-effect vapor body is maintained at a high vacuum with a steam-jet air ejector or mechanical vacuum pump. The driving force is the pressure drop from the first to the last effect. For the same overall pressure differential and process conditions the evaporator with more effects will require less steam. · 77 Chapter 3 SOLUTION OF MULTIPLE EFFECT EVAPORATOR PROBLEMS The computer solution to such problems can follow exactly the usual manual method and involves solution of simultaneous equations coupled with an iterative procedure (1) (2) (3) (4).
· Patent Model for Multiple Effect Vacuum Evaporator Norbert Rillieux. 1843 Gift of Carol and Bert Vorchheimer . Norbert Rillieux () a free black man invented the first successful multiple effect vacuum process for producing sugar. · M ultipleeffect evaporator. The single effect evaporator uses rather more than 1 kg of steam to evaporate 1 kg of water. The latent heat of the vapor leaving in single effect evaporator is not used but is discarded. Much of this latent heat however can be recovered and reused by employing a multipleeffect evaporator that is vapor from one effect serves as the heating medium for the
ABSTRACT The main goal behind this project is to treat highly generated TDS TSS BOD etc. The utility model discloses a multiple-effect evaporation waste water treatment system which comprises at least seven effect evaporators in series connection wherein an air outlet of each effect evaporator is connected with a separator an air outlet of each effect separator is connected with a heat · From the vapor pressure diagram to get . P. v = 10-4. Torr we need to heat Al to 980 °C. • At this temperature the mass evaporation rate is • If the vapor pressure is chosen to be 10-2. Torr then the temperature has to be increased to 1220 °C and the evaporation rate becomes cm s gr 9.694 10 cm s gr 10 980 27 5.84 10. 2 Γ = −2
· condenser energy utilization improves. (See Diagram 1 Multiple Effect Evaporation). The heat in the original steam is reused. Hence with the same amount of steam the amount of water evaporated is almost doubled. Additional "effects" can be added in the same manner each subjected to a progressively higher vacuum which · Block diagram of a single effect in a multiple-effect evaporator 31 Fig.4.2. Schematic diagram of a three-effect backward feed evaporator 34 with bleeding . 6 Fig.4.3. Schematic of the five-effect forward feed evaporator without bleeding 35 Evaporators are used in a process industry to concentrate solutions consisting of a non-volatile
· Liquid refrigerant (dark red) flows through the thermostatic valves for evaporators. Evaporators may have the same or different temperatures of the evaporator. If the evaporator temperature is the same the system uses only the low side of the float or TEV to control the refrigerant. · 1.2 Problems associated with multiple effect evaporators The problems associated with a multiple effect evaporator system are that it is an energy intensive system and therefore any measure to reduce the energy consumption by reducing the steam consumption will
Figure 2.1. Simplified diagram of single-effect evaporator. 2. Forward-feed multiple-effect evaporators A single-effect evaporator as shown in Fig.2.1 is wasteful of energy since the latent heat of the vapor leaving is not used but is discarded. Much of this latent heat however can be recovered and reused by employing a multiple-effect evaporator. A simplified diagram of a forward-feed · From the vapor pressure diagram to get . P. v = 10-4. Torr we need to heat Al to 980 °C. • At this temperature the mass evaporation rate is • If the vapor pressure is chosen to be 10-2. Torr then the temperature has to be increased to 1220 °C and the evaporation rate becomes cm s gr 9.694 10 cm s gr 10 980 27 5.84 10. 2 Γ = −2
· These can be used with both single effect and multiple-effect evaporators. As a general rule the effect produced by a TVR system on a forced circulation evaporator is similar to that of adding an additional ef-fect to the evaporator but with one advantage lower investment costs. In normal working conditions a TVR system can drag a steam · Backward feeding multiple effect evaporators (5 effects to 7 effects) are always the preferred choice aiming to achieve the steam economy between 3.5 to 4.5 tonnes evaporation on continuous basis per tonne of steam in Alumina refinery. Evaporator mainly consists of the heating chamber (Heater) and liquor separating chambers (Separators).
· study for multiple effect evaporator system. The case study is presented that multiple effect evaporator is has good overall steam economy instead of single evaporator. As result of calculations it has been found that about 3.51 overall steam economy by a feed forward multiple effect evaporator. 2. Evaporators The last-effect vapor body is maintained at a high vacuum with a steam-jet air ejector or mechanical vacuum pump. The driving force is the pressure drop from the first to the last effect. For the same overall pressure differential and process conditions the evaporator with more effects will require less steam.
Figure 2.1. Simplified diagram of single-effect evaporator. 2. Forward-feed multiple-effect evaporators A single-effect evaporator as shown in Fig.2.1 is wasteful of energy since the latent heat of the vapor leaving is not used but is discarded. Much of this latent heat however can be recovered and reused by employing a multiple-effect evaporator. A simplified diagram of a forward-feed · From the vapor pressure diagram to get . P. v = 10-4. Torr we need to heat Al to 980 °C. • At this temperature the mass evaporation rate is • If the vapor pressure is chosen to be 10-2. Torr then the temperature has to be increased to 1220 °C and the evaporation rate becomes cm s gr 9.694 10 cm s gr 10 980 27 5.84 10. 2 Γ = −2
· = 1 atm abs pressure the last effect will be under vacuum at a pressure P. 3. 3. Backward-feed multiple-effect evaporators. In the backwardfeed operation shown in Fig.3 for a triple- effect evaporator the freshfeed enters the last and coldest effect and continues on until the concentrated product leaves the first effect. The last-effect vapor body is maintained at a high vacuum with a steam-jet air ejector or mechanical vacuum pump. The driving force is the pressure drop from the first to the last effect. For the same overall pressure differential and process conditions the evaporator with more effects will require less steam.
· Liquid refrigerant (dark red) flows through the thermostatic valves for evaporators. Evaporators may have the same or different temperatures of the evaporator. If the evaporator temperature is the same the system uses only the low side of the float or TEV to control the refrigerant. Multiple-effect evaporators The theory is that if two evaporators are connected in series the second effect can operate at a higher vacuum (and therefore at a lower temperature) than the first. The vapour evolved from the product in the first effect can be used as the heating medium for the next effect which operates at a lower boiling
· Multiple Effect Evaporators. Evaporators are classified by the number of effects a single-effect evaporator steam provides energy for vaporization and the vapor product is condensed and removed from the system. In a double-effect evaporator the vapor product off the first effect is used to provide energy for a second vaporization unit.Triple- effect evaporator problems are familiar to · Multiple Effect EvaporatorsFree download as PDF File (.pdf) Text File (.txt) or read online for free.
· A multiple-effect evaporator as defined in chemical engineering is an apparatus for efficiently using the heat from steam to evaporate water. Water is boiled in a sequence of vessels each held at a lower pressure than the last. Because the boiling point of water decreases as pressure decreases the vapour boiled off in one vessel can be used · Backward feeding multiple effect evaporators (5 effects to 7 effects) are always the preferred choice aiming to achieve the steam economy between 3.5 to 4.5 tonnes evaporation on continuous basis per tonne of steam in Alumina refinery. Evaporator mainly consists of the heating chamber (Heater) and liquor separating chambers (Separators).
Vacuum Evaporator Design and Operation. In early multi-effect evaporators the central portion of each vessel was a multi tube heat exchanger known as a calandria with steam in the jacket and brine flowing through the tube. The rate of flow of the brine was partly by convection and partly aided by a Single and multiple effect evaporators. The range of multi-effect vacuum evaporators covers a wide range of capacities. The Envidest DPM1 Envidest DPM2 and Envidest DPM3 units with one two and three effects respectively have a horizontal boiler and
A performance analysis is presented for the vapour compression parallel feed multiple effect evaporation water desalination system. The systems include mechanical (MVC) and thermal (TVC) vapour ABSTRACT The main goal behind this project is to treat highly generated TDS TSS BOD etc. The utility model discloses a multiple-effect evaporation waste water treatment system which comprises at least seven effect evaporators in series connection wherein an air outlet of each effect evaporator is connected with a separator an air outlet of each effect separator is connected with a heat
· Multiple Effect Evaporators. Evaporators are classified by the number of effects a single-effect evaporator steam provides energy for vaporization and the vapor product is condensed and removed from the system. In a double-effect evaporator the vapor product off the first effect is used to provide energy for a second vaporization unit.Triple- effect evaporator problems are familiar to A performance analysis is presented for the vapour compression parallel feed multiple effect evaporation water desalination system. The systems include mechanical (MVC) and thermal (TVC) vapour
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